Nanomaterials open up new opportunities for targeted drug delivery and disease diagnosis. Nanoparticles can carry active substances directly to affected cells, minimizing side effects and increasing the effectiveness of therapy. In addition, nanoparticles are used to improve imaging in medical diagnostics. Nanomaterials open up new horizons in medicine, offering innovative approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
Let’s consider the main areas of their application:
- Targeted drug delivery
Nanoparticles allow drugs to be delivered directly to affected cells, which increases the effectiveness of therapy and reduces side effects. For example, iron oxide nanoparticles are used for hyperthermia, in which the particles are heated in a magnetic field and cancer cells are killed.
- Improving visualization in diagnostics
Nanomaterials are used to improve the quality of medical images. Biofunctionalized fluorescent nanoparticles can be attached to specific proteins, which allows for high-resolution visualization of tumors or other pathological changes.
- Antibacterial properties
Silver nanoparticles are known for their antibacterial properties and are already used for medical purposes. They are effective against a wide range of microorganisms and are used to create antibacterial coatings on medical devices and implants.
- Tissue engineering
Nanotechnology helps to regenerate damaged tissues. For example, nanostructured carbon nanotube scaffolds are used to regenerate bone tissue by providing support and stimulating the growth of new cells.
- Development of biosensors
Nanomaterials such as nanotubes and nanowires are used to create biosensors for the detection of biomolecules. This allows for rapid and accurate diagnosis in the early stages of various diseases.
